弗洛伊德
5.0 |2025年08月02日 |HD中字
简介:

  最近,在萨特的遗稿中发现了一部电影剧本手稿,这便是一九五八年由好莱坞的约翰·哈斯顿导演,蒙哥马利·克利夫特领衔主演,萨特编剧的二流电影《弗洛伊德》。值得庆幸的是,这部手稿没有因为电影的不成功而被萨特毁掉。现在人们可以通过这部电影剧本进一步了解萨特对弗洛伊德的具体看法如何,特别是因为这部电影在上映时应萨特的要求没有打出他的编剧的名字,很多人还不知道是出自他老先生的手笔。
  萨特为什么不想让人知道是他写的呢?原来是这样的:一九五八年约翰·哈斯顿来找萨特,请他写一部《弗洛伊德》的电影脚本。萨特答应了,先写了一份长达九十五页打印好的提要出来。哈斯顿看了以后认为满意,请他继续写拍摄脚本。可是这个脚本太长,如果要照这个本子拍戏,恐怕要拍上七个小时的电影,一般没有受过严格的智力训练的观众,可就受不了了。第一稿没有通过,哈斯顿请他删改。可改出来的本子依然冗长。哈斯顿要他再改,萨特坚决不答应。最后,要开拍了,萨特无奈只好又改,只是要求在上映时不要打出他的名字。
  这不禁令人奇怪,为什么哈斯顿一开始要找萨特写弗洛伊德呢?他知道,萨特本人对于弗氏及其学说是出名的冷淡,并且根本不承认弗氏的无意识说,至少他认为这个提法不确。他曾提出过自己的一套所谓存在主义精神分析,用以补充和改造弗洛伊德的精神分析。不错,萨特也曾写过几部剧本,这些剧本也搬上了银幕。但是,他写的剧本,一旦拍成电影就很可能是一大篇哲学演讲式的说教,使一般观众难以接受。然而,哈斯顿却偏要去找他,而他居然答应了。
  尽管萨特不喜欢弗洛伊德,但是,平心而论,这个电影剧本虽然没有吹捧弗氏,倒也不见得有十分的敌意。对两场主要的戏,萨特都花了笔墨和功夫。第一场戏讲的是弗洛伊德在他一生事业的前十年摸索精神分析的目的和治疗方法。这十年,弗氏制定了,或者说发现了自己的明确目标是要尽力摆脱他人的影响。萨特描述了正在探索前进道路的弗洛伊德是如何竭力摆脱西奥多·梅勒特、约瑟夫·布鲁诺和讨厌的威廉·弗里斯这些人对他的包围和粗暴干扰。尤其对弗里斯这个人,萨特把他说成是一个魔鬼,而众所周知,这些人都是弗洛伊德的朋友、同事,特别是弗里斯,更是他的亲密朋友。在第二场里,主要表现了一大群患歇斯底里症的女病人,她们接受了弗洛伊德的精神分析治疗,有的获得了痊愈。最后,弗洛伊德还是弗洛伊德,一个步入中年,深感孤独的人,一个没有神,没有父亲的存在主义英雄。总的来说,萨特笔下的弗洛伊德,不仅是一个具有同情心和科学头脑的医生,而且是一个因为不肯承认有弑父心理而深感苦恼的人。同时,弗氏对奥地利的反犹思潮也显得忧心忡忡。在另一方面,弗氏被描绘成一个非常严厉的人,萨特说他有时有点象斯大林。在诊所里,他随时准备为采取最残忍的治疗方法进行辩护,而用最后的成功来证明其善意的初衷。他对那些维也纳的中产阶级死硬派进行报复,揭他们的丑,这一点似乎也表明了萨特本人对法国资产阶,级的仇恨心理。
  上述这些,当然在拍电影时都被删掉了,所以这个剧本就更值得一读。目前这个剧本已被译成英文,其中收入了萨特写的第一稿全文和第二稿的部分场景。全剧分三幕,每组镜头都无一例外地表现出弗洛伊德这位精神分析大师的自我创造,无疑,这也是萨特的存在主义对精神分析的改造。对于弗氏的精神分析疗法无论是喜欢还是嘲笑,从来还没有人象萨特这样把它写成一部具有丰富内涵的剧本。

猜你喜欢
换一换
关于在短时间内的某几个人的经过
249
4.0
HD中字
关于在短时间内的某几个人的经过
4.0
更新时间:2025年08月02日
主演:未知
简介:

  Voice 1 (male __QUOTE__professional announcer__QUOTE__ type): This neighborhood(1) was made for the wretched dignity of the petty bourgeoisie, for respectable occupations and intellectual tourism. The sedentary population of the upper floors was sheltered from the influences of the street. This neighborhood has remained the same. It was the strange setting of our story, where a systematic questioning of all the diversions and works of a society, a total critique of its idea of happiness, was expressed in acts.
  These people also scorned __QUOTE__subjective profundity__QUOTE__. They were interested in nothing but an adequate and concrete expression of themselves.
  Voice 2 (Debord, monotone): Human beings are not fully conscious of their real life - usually groping in the dark; overwhelmed by the consequences of their acts; at every moment groups and individuals find themselves confronted with results they have not wished.
  Voice 1: They said that oblivion was their ruling passion. They wanted to reinvent everything each day; to become the masters and possessors of their own lives.
  Just as one does not judge a man according to the conception he has of himself, one cannot judge such periods of transition according to their own consciousness; on the contrary, one must explain the consciousness through the contradictions of material life, through the conflict between social conditions and the forces of social production.
  The progress achieved in the domination of nature was not yet matched by a corresponding liberation of everyday life. Youth passed away among the various controls of resignation.
  Our camera has captured for you a few aspects of a provisional microsociety.
  The knowledge of empirical facts remains abstract and superficial as long as it is not concretized by its integration into the whole __QUOTE__” which alone permits the supersession of partial and abstract problems so as to arrive at their concrete essence, and implicitly at their meaning.
  This group was on the margins of the economy. It tended toward a role of pure consumption, and first of all the free consumption of its time. It thus found itself directly engaged in qualitative variations of everyday life but deprived of any means to intervene in them.
  The group ranged over a very small area. The same times brought them back to the same places. No one went to bed early. Discussion on the meaning of all this continued...
  Voice 2: __QUOTE__Our life is a journey __QUOTE__” In the winter and the night. __QUOTE__” We seek our passage...__QUOTE__�
  Voice 1: The abandoned literature nevertheless exerted a delaying action on new affective formulations.
  Voice 2: There was the fatigue and the cold of the morning in this much-traversed labyrinth, like an enigma that we had to resolve. It was a looking-glass reality through which we had to discover the potential richness of reality.
  On the bank of the river evening began once again; and caresses; and the importance of a world without importance. Just as the eyes have a blurred vision of many things and can see only one clearly, so the will can strive only incompletely toward diverse objects and can completely love only one at a time.
  Voice 3 (young girl): No one counted on the future. It would never be possible to be together later, or anywhere else. There would never be a greater freedom.
  Voice 1: The refusal of time and of growing old automatically limited encounters in this narrow, contingent zone, where what was lacking was felt as irreparable. The extreme precariousness of the means of getting by without working was at the root of this impatience which made excesses necessary and breaks definitive.
  Voice 2: One never really contests an organization of existence without contesting all of that organization__APOS__s forms of language.
  Voice 1: When freedom is practiced in a closed circle, it fades into a dream, becomes a mere representation of itself. The ambiance of play is by nature unstable. At any moment __QUOTE__ordinary life__QUOTE__� can prevail once again. The geographical limitation of play is even more striking than its temporal limitation. Any game takes place within the contours of its spatial domain. Around the neighborhood, around its fleeting and threatened immobility, stretched a half-known city where people met only by chance, losing their way forever.
  The girls who found their way there, because they were legally under the control of their families until the age of eighteen, were often recaptured by the defenders of that detestable institution. They were generally confined under the guard of those creatures who among all the bad products of a bad society are the most ugly and repugnant: nuns.
  What usually makes documentaries so easy to understand is the arbitrary limitation of their subject matter. They describe the atomization of social functions and the isolation of their products. One can, in contrast, envisage the entire complexity of a moment which is not resolved into a work, a moment whose movement indissolubly contains facts and values and whose meaning does not yet appear. The subject matter of the documentary would then be this confused totality.
  Voice 2: The era had arrived at a level of knowledge and technical means that made possible, and increasingly necessary, a direct construction of all aspects of a liberated affective and practical existence. The appearance of these superior means of action, still unused because of the delays in the project of liquidating the commodity economy, had already condemned aesthetic activity, whose ambitions and powers were both outdated. The decay of art and of all the values of former mores had formed our sociological background. The ruling class__APOS__s monopoly over the instruments we needed to control in order to realize the collective art of our time had excluded us from a cultural production officially devoted to illustrating and repeating the past. An art film on this generation can only be a film on its absence of real creations.
  Everyone unthinkingly followed the paths learned once and for all, to their work and their home, to their predictable future. For them duty had already become a habit, and habit a duty. They did not see the deficiency of their city. They thought the deficiency of their life was natural. We wanted to break out of this conditioning, in quest of another use of the urban landscape, in quest of new passions. The atmosphere of a few places gave us intimations of the future powers of an architecture it would be necessary to create to be the support and framework for less mediocre games. We could expect nothing of anything we had not ourselves altered. The urban environment proclaimed the orders and tastes of the ruling society just as violently as the newspapers. It is man who makes the unity of the world, but man has extended himself everywhere. People can see nothing around them that is not their own image; everything speaks to them of themselves. Their very landscape is alive. There were obstacles everywhere. There was a cohesion in the obstacles of all types. They maintained the coherent reign of poverty. Everything being connected, it was necessary to change everything by a unitary struggle, or nothing. It was necessary to link up with the masses, but we were surrounded by sleep.
  Voice 3: The dictatorship of the proletariat is a desperate struggle, bloody and bloodless, violent and peaceful, military and economic, educational and administrative, against the forces and traditions of the old world.
  Voice 1: In this country it is once again the men of order who have rebelled. They have reinforced their power. They have been able to aggravate the grotesqueness of the ruling conditions according to their will. They have embellished their system with the funereal ceremonies of the past.
  Voice 2: Years, like a single instant prolonged to this point, come to an end.
  Voice 1: What was directly lived reappears frozen in the distance, fit into the tastes and illusions of an era, carried away with it.
  Voice 2: The appearance of events that we have not made, that others have made against us, now obliges us to be aware of the passage of time, its results, the transformation of our own desires into events. What differentiates the past from the present is precisely its out-of-reach objectivity; there is no more should-be; being is so consumed that it has ceased to exist. The details are already lost in the dust of time. Who was afraid of life, afraid of the night, afraid of being taken, afraid of being kept?
  Voice 3: What should be abolished continues, and we continue to wear away with it. We are engulfed. We are separated. The years pass and we haven__APOS__t changed anything.
  Voice 2: Once again morning in the same streets. Once again the fatigue of so many similarly passed nights. It is a walk that has lasted a long time.
  Voice 1: Really hard to drink more.
  Voice 2: Of course one might make a film of it. But even if such a film succeeds in being as fundamentally disconnected and unsatisfying as the reality it deals with, it will never be more than a re-creation __QUOTE__” poor and false like this botched traveling shot.
  Voice 3: There are now people who pride themselves on being authors of films, as others were authors of novels. They are even more backward than the novelists because they are unaware of the decomposition and exhaustion of individual expression in our time, ignorant of the end of the arts of passivity. They are praised for their sincerity since they dramatize, with more personal depth, the conventions of which their life consists. There is talk of the liberation of the cinema. But what does it matter to us if one more art is liberated through which Tom, Dick or Harry can joyously express their slavish sentiments? The only interesting venture is the liberation of everyday life, not only in the perspectives of history but for us and right away. This entails the withering away of alienated forms of communication. The cinema, too, has to be destroyed.
  Voice 2: In the final analysis, stars are created by the need we have for them, and not by their talent or lack of talent or even by the film industry or advertising. Miserable need, dismal, anonymous life that would like to expand itself to the dimensions of cinema life. The imaginary life on the screen is the product of this real need. The star is the projection of this need.
  The images of the advertisements during the intermissions are more suited than any others for evoking an intermission of life.
  To really describe this era it would no doubt be necessary to show many other things. But what would be the point?
  Better to grasp the totality of what has been done and what remains to be done than to add more ruins to the old world of the spectacle and of memories.
  1. This film, which evokes the lettrist experiences at the origin of the situationist movement, opens with shots of the Paris district frequented by the lettrists in the early 1950s.

852
1959
关于在短时间内的某几个人的经过
主演:
摩天轮
366
3.0
HD中字
摩天轮
3.0
更新时间:2025年08月02日
主演:凯特·温丝莱特,贾斯汀·汀布莱克,詹姆斯·贝鲁什,朱诺·坦普尔,马克斯·凯塞拉,杰克·戈尔,大卫·克朗姆霍茨,罗伯特·C·柯克,汤米·诺伊利,托尼·西里科,史蒂夫·斯基里帕,约翰·多马尼安,汤姆·盖里,格雷戈瑞·丹恩,鲍比·斯雷顿,迈克尔·泽加斯基,吉内瓦·卡尔,艾德·朱厄特,黛比·玛扎,达尼埃尔·费兰,麦迪·科尔曼,雅各布·伯格,珍娜·斯特恩,迈克尔·斯特里亚诺,约翰·麦尼尔利
简介:

  哈姆迪(吉姆·贝鲁什 Jim Belushi 饰)和妻子金妮(凯特·温丝莱特 Kate Winslet 饰)一起在游乐场生活和工作,金妮有过一段婚姻,两人共同抚养着金妮和前夫所生的孩子。一天,哈姆迪的女儿卡洛琳娜(朱诺·坦普尔 Juno Temple 饰)找到了父亲,她曾经执意嫁给黑帮大佬,如今正在遭受黑帮的追杀。
  虽然女儿从前的所作所为令哈姆迪十分生气,但卡洛琳娜的浪子回头显然让哈姆迪开始想要修复这段破碎的父女关系。与此同时,金妮邂逅了海滩救生员米奇(贾斯汀·汀布莱克 Justin Timberlake 饰),两人之间碰撞出了爱情的火花。金妮想要抛弃一切同米奇在一起,然而,在看到了卡洛琳娜之后,米奇不可自持的移情别恋了。

1557
2017
摩天轮
主演:凯特·温丝莱特,贾斯汀·汀布莱克,詹姆斯·贝鲁什,朱诺·坦普尔,马克斯·凯塞拉,杰克·戈尔,大卫·克朗姆霍茨,罗伯特·C·柯克,汤米·诺伊利,托尼·西里科,史蒂夫·斯基里帕,约翰·多马尼安,汤姆·盖里,格雷戈瑞·丹恩,鲍比·斯雷顿,迈克尔·泽加斯基,吉内瓦·卡尔,艾德·朱厄特,黛比·玛扎,达尼埃尔·费兰,麦迪·科尔曼,雅各布·伯格,珍娜·斯特恩,迈克尔·斯特里亚诺,约翰·麦尼尔利
评论区
首页
电影
连续剧
综艺
动漫